Manejo de adubação fosfatada na produtividade da cultura da soja

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) is an of the most important crops for the world economy. Its grains are widely used by the agribusiness (production of vegetable oil and animal feed), chemical and food industry, as well as an alternative source of biofuel. Brazil is the largest producer in the world, but there is an productivity gap to be filled in. The content of phosphorus (P) available in the soil has been reported as a more generalized nutritional limitation to agricultural production. This study aimed was to evaluate the productivity of the soybean crop, submitted to different forms of application of phosphate fertilizer TOP-PHOS® (3% de N; 28% de P; 17% de Ca e 7% de S). Treatments constituted in the follow application forms: Witness (without P), P in the line and P to throw, in cultivar BMX ZEUS®. In the visual evaluation performed at 24 days after emergence, where the P was placed in the line close to the seeds (7 to 10 cm deep), there was a greater structuring of roots (volume and length) and aerial part, proving greater productivity between treatments. The treatment witnesses showing weakened plants, such as which had the lowest result in grain yield. Although the management with P at haul overcome in productivity in relation to the control, it did not achieve the same result as the management with P in the sowing line. Thus, because it is a little mobile element in the soil, and highly demanded by the soybean crop, the highest productivity is achieved when the phosphorus is close as roots.