Controle de Acesso por Proximidade com ESP32 e BLE: Validação Local e Interface Web de Gerenciamento

Abstract

This article presents and evaluates a proximity-based access control system that uses a BLE scanner to identify beacons transmitted by smartphones and unlock an electronic door through local validation. The objective of the study was to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of an autonomous, low-cost, and locally operated solution capable of managing authorized tokens and recording events through an integrated web interface. Tests were conducted involving BLE signal detection, identifier validation, and relay activation, along with the analysis of complementary metrics such as signal strength (RSSI), response latency, and hit rate. The results demonstrate operational stability and suitability of the system for residential and small business scenarios, reinforcing its potential as a simple, secure, and service-independent alternative.